Protection of plants from frost
The destruction heat-loving plants from frost puts essential material damage to an agriculture.
The scientists of НПО "Typhoon" of Roshydromet develop effective technology of protection heat-loving plants from frost of various intensity in conditions of the open and protected ground and means, necessary for its realization. The Russian technology of protection from frost is based on results of theoretical and long-term experimental researches, and as skilled - industrial works which have been carried out in various regions of Russia. The application of this technology allows to keep positive temperature in protected territory during frost (period).
The technology includes system of meteorological monitoring and фитосанитарного forecasting on PC base "Elagr-2" ), used for the forecast of frost and a number of effective, both theoretically and experimentally proved and checked up in natural conditions of methods of protection:
1. Method of artificial fog-produsing
Physical basis of the method is the creation above the protected territory of an artificial fog on nucleuses of condensation entered into an atmosphere with the help of active aerosol's generators. The effect of influence develops of preservation of positive temperature of ground (at the expense of shielding of long-wave radiation of ground by a layer of a fog - " greenhouse effect ") and additional allocation of heat at condensation water pair on hygroscopic nucleuses.
In generators as a reagent in generators are used ecologically pure hygroscopic organic and inorganic substances.
The constructive feature of generators allow them to unite in a uniform network with remote control.
2. Dynamic method
Is applied to struggle with frost of a адвективно-radiating and radiating origin. The essence of a method consists in hashing air in a layer, where is observed frost, with warmer air located above (in a layer of inversion of temperature), a consequence that is the increase of temperature in a layer произрастания of protected plants.
Effective means of realization of a method is the application of helicopters.
The method is ecologically pure and allows to make protection of the large areas (helicopter Mi - 8 is capable to carry out protection on the area up to 50 hectares).
3. Thermal method on a basis of dispersed heat-generating reagents
Physical basis of a method is the creation on a spreading surface of the allocated sources of heat by drawing on ground in row-spacing plants powder-like heat-generating substances entering in exothermal reactions about the water ferry of an atmosphere and a moisture of ground.
The method is intended for protection valuable and elite grades of agricultural cultures.
For entering reagents the following means are developed:
individual container - dispersants;
drawbar hitch МНР - 4;
towed device МНР - 8.
4. Thermal method on the basis of local sources of heat
The method is offered for application in hothouse facilities.
The method is based on use of independent sources of heat "HIT" , installed in a protected premise. The allocation of heat is carried out at the expense of slow burning (decay) of an solid-state element. The ignition replaceable of solid-state elements is made automatically or operator (depending on variant of execution) electrical current from a network or from battery power supply at downturn of temperature in a protected premise up to the given level.